Sustaining adoptive T cell immunity: defining the role of activated dendritic cells in solid tumours

Closing date: 23/11/2026

Clinical Research Training Fellowship: Sustaining adoptive T cell immunity: defining the role of activated dendritic cells in solid tumours 

Lead Supervisors: Professor Santiago Zelenay 
Co-Supervisors: 
Dr Jonathan Lim

Applications Deadline: 12:00pm Monday 23rd November 2026
Interviews: Friday 5th February 2027 (in Manchester) 
Start date: September 2027

Project Keywords: dendritic cells, adoptive cell therapy, cancer immunology 
Research Opportunity: Clinical Research Training Fellowship leading to the award of PhD

Project Outline

Adoptive cellular therapies, in which tumour-reactive T cells are expanded or engineered before being transferred into patients, have transformed the treatment of some blood cancers and are showing increasing promise in solid tumours. However, responses in solid cancers are often short-lived because transferred T cells fail to persist and progressively lose their ability to attack cancer cells within the tumour. Understanding what sustains these cells after they enter tumours is therefore a major challenge for improving cellular immunotherapy. 

Dendritic cells (DCs) are best known for initiating immune responses by activating naïve T cells. Our recent work identified a distinct population of CCR7-expressing activated dendritic cells (actDCs) that is essential for effective anti-tumour immunity. Notably, we found that actDCs are also required for successful adoptive T cell therapy, even when fully activated tumour-specific T cells are transferred. Without actDCs, transferred T cells rapidly become dysfunctional, revealing an unexpected role for dendritic cells in maintaining ongoing anti-tumour responses. 

This project will determine how actDCs sustain transferred T cells within solid tumours. Using unique genetically engineered mouse models developed in our laboratory, we will establish which dendritic cell populations are required, whether continued recognition of tumour antigens is necessary, and which signals provided by actDCs maintain T cell expansion, survival, localisation and function. Reporter models will allow us to visualise how actDCs and transferred T cells interact within tumours and how these interactions change during therapy.

Crucially, mechanistic discoveries will be connected directly to clinical cellular immunotherapy through analysis of longitudinal tumour and blood samples from patients receiving immunotherapies, including adoptive cellular therapies. By defining how the tumour immune environment supports or undermines transferred T cells, this project aims to identify new strategies to improve the persistence and effectiveness of cellular therapies for solid cancers.

Applications for this project are now open. Please complete your application on The University of Manchester website.

About Professor Santiago Zelenay (project Lead Supervisor)

In 2015, Santiago joined the CRUK Manchester Institute to establish the Cancer Inflammation and Immunity group. His laboratory combines fundamental and translational research to investigate the signals and pathways that dictate the establishment and maintenance of tumour inflammatory environments that promote or restrain malignant cancer growth naturally or following immunotherapy. His research spans basic mechanisms of tumour-immune interaction through to translational studies enabled by close collaborations with the CRUK National Biomarker Centre and medical oncologists at The Christie NHS Foundation Trust.

Santiago leads the Cancer Immunology Branch of the Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation and co-leads the Immunology theme of the CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence. In 2017, he was awarded the CRUK Future Leaders in Cancer Research Prize and, in 2019, along with co-authors of Zelenay et al. Cell 2015, he received the inaugural BIAL Award in Biomedicine.

Find out more

Santiago headshot

Key information

Before submitting an application, please ensure you have read the information below about the funding arrangements and eligibility for our Clinical Research Training Fellowships.

We also encourage you to get in contact with the lead supervisor to discuss the project and any particulars.

Further information is available on the Clinical Research Training Fellowships webpage.

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Interested in applying for this opportunity? Submit your application on The University of Manchester application portal.

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